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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 15, No. 2, 141-149 (1989)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167289152001

Individual Contributions to a Collective Effort

An Incentive Analysis

James A. Shepperd

Holy Cross College

Rex A. Wright

University of Alabama, Birmingham

Subjects were asked to generate uses for an object either alone or in a group. Half were offered a modest incentive for a good (individual or group)performance, and half were not. As predicted, evidence of social loafing was found when subjects worked as part of a group, but only when the incentive was not provided.


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