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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 17, No. 2, 161-165 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/014616729101700207

Person Perception by Introverts and Extraverts Under Time Pressure: Effects of Need for Closure

Alan W. Heaton

University of Maryland, College Park

Arie W. Kruglanski

University of Maryland, College Park

Epistemic, freezing, operationalized as impressional primacy, was examined as a function of situationally induced need for cognitive closure (manipulated by varying time pressure) and dispositional introversion-extroversion. Fifty-eight subjects under high or low time pressure predicted the success of a job candidate. Overalll the tendency to use early information in predicting job success increased when time pressure was high. Consistent with predictions, introverts used early information in forming judgments to a greater extent then extraverts when time pressure was high. No significant differences were found between introverts and extraverts when time pressure was low. The results suggest that introverts may be particularly sensitive to situations requiring cognitive closure.


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