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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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Need for Cognition, Causal Processing, and Memory for Behavior

G. Daniel Lassiter

Ohio University

Michael A. Briggs

Ohio University

R. David Slaw

Ohio University

Previous research by Srull, Lichtenstein, and Rothbart has shown that individuals high in the need for cognition exhibit better recall for a target person's behaviors than individuals low in the need for cognition, particularly when those behaviors are inconsistent with an initial impression of the person. The present authors argue that this pattern of results is due in part to the fact that high- (relative to low-) need-for-cognition individuals are likely to engage in more extensive causal processing. Study I directly tested and supported the proposition that a higher need for cognition is indeed associated with a tendency toward greater explanatory thinking. Study 2 replicated this finding as well as the pattern of recall results reported by Srull and colleagues. Most important, a path analysis indicated, as hypothesized, that recall performance was mediated in part by amount of explanatory thinking. Implications of these data for research on need for cognition, attribution, and person memory are discussed.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 17, No. 6, 694-700 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167291176013
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[Abstract]