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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 22, No. 11,
1177-1188 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/01461672962211008
© 1996 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.
Intergroup Anxiety: A Person x Situation Approach
Thomas W. Britt
University of Florida britttw{at}heidelberg-emh2.army.mil
Kurt A. Bonieci
University of Florida
Theresa K. Vescio
University of Wales, Cardiff
Monica Biernat
University of Kansas
Lisa M. Brown
University of Florida
A person x situation approach to the study of intergroup anxiety is offered in which anxiety in intergroup encounters is viewed as a transaction between the individual and the environment. An individual difference measure of intergroup anxiety toward African Americans is developed, and studies assessing the scale's reliability and validity are presented. The utility of a person x situation approach is shown in an experiment in which participants high or low in intergroup anxiety were told they would interact with either a European American or an African American. Participants high in intergroup anxiety who were supposed to interact with an African American evidenced the highest state anxiety, perceived the interaction as most difficult, and viewed their partners as most dissimilar from themselves. Issues surrounding sources of intergroup anxiety and the relationship between intergroup anxiety and prejudice are discussed.
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