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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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Why Common Sense Goes Out the Window: Effects of Alcohol on Intentions to Use Condoms

Tara K. MacDonald

University of Waterloo

Mark P. Zanna

University of Waterloo

Geoffrey T. Fong

University of Waterloo

Four studies tested the hypothesis that alcohol decreases the likelihood of condom use during casual sex. First, in a correlational study, it was found that among men who reported that they usually use condoms, those who were intoxicated when they last had intercourse were less likely than sober men to have used one. Further, in two laboratory experiments and one field experiment, intoxicated people reported more positive intentions to have unprotected sex than sober people. These results are consistent with alcohol myopia as introduced by Steele and associates the notion that alcohol decreases cognitive capacity, such that intoxicated people are more likely to attend to the most salient cues in a situation. Intoxicated people may focus on the perceived benefits of having intercourse rather than on the negative consequences of not using condoms. These studies provide strong evidence that alcohol causes a decrease in condom use and suggest a mechanism for that relationship.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 22, No. 8, 763-775 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167296228001
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