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Cooperative Interaction and Intergroup Bias: Effects of Numerical Representation and Cross-Cut Role Assignment

B. Ann Bettencourt

University of Missouri-Columbia, psyannb{at}showme.missouri.edu

Nancy Dorr

Jamestown College

This study investigates whether the greater in-group favoritism typically expressed by numerical minorities could be minimized by cross-cutting role assignment to the tasks in a cooperative setting. Study 1 manipulated the numerical representation of two groups and role assignment to a team task. The results showed that cross-cut role assignment decreased the in-group bias of both minority and majority groups, compared to convergent role assignment. Study 2 further examined the benefits of cross-cut assignment while controlling interaction among in-group and out-group members. The outcomes of Study 2 replicated those of Study 1 and showed that even without prior interaction during the cross-cut task, both minorities and majorities were less biased when role assignments cross-cut category membership. Moreover, the results showed that whereas both social category salience and identification were affected by role assignment, only identification mediated the effect of role assignment on in-group bias.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 12, 1276-1293 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/01461672982412003
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