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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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The Accuracy and Power of Sex, Social Class, and Ethnic Stereotypes: A Naturalistic Study in Person Perception

Stephanie Madon

Rutgers-State University of New Jersey

Lee Jussim

Rutgers-State University of New Jersey

Shelley Keiper

University of Michigan

Jacquelynne Eccles

University of Michigan

Alison Smith

Rutgers-State University of New Jersey

Polly Palumbo

Rutgers-State University of New Jersey

This research examined the accuracy and power of sex, social class, and ethnic stereotypes in person perception. Participants included 49 to 56 teachers and nearly 2,000 students in seventh-grade public school math classes. Results indicated that teacher perceptions regarding achievement and motivation differences between girls and boys, lower- and upper-class students, and African American and White students were mostly accurate. Results also showed that although teachers generally relied on students' personal characteristics to form their perceptions, they occasionally relied on stereotypes. We discuss these results in terms of the classic view that stereotypes are inaccurate, rigid, exaggerated, and exert powerful effects on person perception.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 12, 1304-1318 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/01461672982412005
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