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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 3, 279-288 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167298243005
© 1998 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

Relations between Affect and Personality: Support for the Affect-Level and Affective-Reactivity Views

James J. Gross

Stanford University, james{at}psych.stanford.edu

Steven K. Sutton

University of Miami

Timothy Ketelaar

University of California, Los Angeles

A consensus has emerged that neuroticism is associated with negative affect and extraversion is associated with positive affect. However, it is unclear whether these personality traits are associated with magnitude of affective reactions (Affective-Reactivity view), with levels of tonic affect (Affect-Level view), or with both. To assess these views, affective state was manipulated using film clips, measured at multiple time points and related to measures of neuroticism and extraversion (H. J. Esyenck) and dispositional negative affect and positive affect (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen). Results supported both Affective-Reactivity and Affect-Level views, and this support was more robust for neuroticism and extraversion than for dispositional negative affect and positive affect.


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