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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 11, 1409-1420 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167200263008

Moderation of the Expectancy-Alcohol Use Relation by Private Self-Consciousness: Data from a Longitudinal Study

Bruce D. Bartholow

University of Missouri, Columbia

Kenneth J. Sher

University of Missouri, Columbia, sherk{at}missouri.edu

Alan Strathman

University of Missouri, Columbia

This study investigated whether the relation between alcohol outcome expectancies and alcohol use may be moderated by individual differences in private self-consciousness (PSC). Quantity/frequency of alcohol use, expectancies, and PSC in a sample of young adults were assessed annually over 4 years. Regression equations were used to predict alcohol use from expectancies, PSC, and their interaction while controlling for sex and family history of alcoholism. High PSC was associated with a stronger association between expectancies and alcohol use than was low PSC, although only in participants of legal drinking age. Also, PSC was negatively associated with alcohol use for underage participants when expectancies were statistically controlled, consistent with previous work linking PSC to adherence to legal proscriptions. Findings are discussed in relation to a model of expectancy accessibility.


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