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The Context Matters

University of California, San Francisco

Judith Tedlie Moskowitz

University of California, San Francisco

Carver et al. challenge the importance assigned to personal control over desired outcomes as a determinant of distress in stressful situations. The authors contend that it is the expectancy of a positive outcome, and not control over achieving that outcome, that matters. The authors argue that both outcome and control expectancies can matter with respect to distress or psychological well-being; their relative importance is determined by dimensions of the person-environment context including the importance of the outcome, dispositional preferences regarding control, the contingency between personal control and the outcome, self-efficacy expectancies, and the consequences of exercising control for other areas of one’s life.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 2, 150-151 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167200264002


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