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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 27, No. 3, 289-301 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167201273003
© 2001 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

On the Social Nature of Personality: Effects of Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Feedback about Collective Resource Use on Cooperation in a Resource Dilemma

Sander L. Koole

Free University Amsterdam, sl.koole{at}psy.vu.nl

Wander Jager

University of Groningen

Agnes E. van den Berg

Alterra Green World Research, Wageningen

Charles A. J. Vlek

University of Groningen

Willem K. B. Hofstee

University of Groningen

The present research investigated how individual differences in Extraversion and Agreeableness affect cooperation in an experimental resource dilemma. Manipulated feedback indicated either that the common resource was being used at a sustainable rate or that it was being rapidly depleted. As predicted, Extraversion was generally negatively related to cooperation, whereas Agreeableness was generally positively related to cooperation. Whereas individuals high in Extraversion and individuals low in Agreeableness were unresponsive to feedback regarding collective resource use, individuals low in Extraversion and individuals high in Agreeableness exercised more self-restraint when the common resource was severely threatened. Exploratory analyses revealed neither interactive effects of Extraversion and Agreeableness nor effects of individual differences in Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Intellect. Together, these results highlight the importance of individual differences in Extraversion and Agreeableness in social dilemma settings.


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