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Am I as You See Me or Do You See Me as I Am? Self-Fulfilling Prophecies and Self-Verification

Iowa State University, madon{at}iastate.edu

Alison Smith

Rutgers University

Lee Jussim

Rutgers University, jussim{at}rci.rutgers.edu

Daniel W. Russell

Iowa State University

Jacquelynne Eccles

Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan

Polly Palumbo

Rutgers University

Michele Walkiewicz

Rutgers University

This research investigated the extent to which self-fulfilling prophecies and self-verification occurred among 108 teachers and 1,692 students in 108 sixth-grade public school math classrooms. Results demonstrated three main findings. Self-fulfilling prophecies and self-verification occurred simultaneously in a context where perceivers and targets had highly valid information on which to base their initial perceptions. The availability of highly valid information led perceivers and targets to develop initially similar perceptions before mutual influence took place. High similarity between perceivers’ and targets’ initial perceptions had no effect on the power of self-verification but weakened the effect of self-fulfilling prophecies for some targets. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for extended and close relationships and how the nature of people’s perceptions may influence the power of self-fulfilling prophecies and self-verification.

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