This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Bardi, A. Articles by Schwartz, S. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bardi, A. Articles by Schwartz, S. H. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Values and Behavior: Strength and Structure of Relations

University of Wisconsin—Madison, A.Bardi{at}kent.ac.uk

Shalom H. Schwartz

Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

Three studies address unresolved issues in value-behavior relations. Does the full range of different values relate to common, recurrent behaviors? Which values relate more strongly to behavior than others? Do relations among different values and behaviors exhibit a meaningful overall structure? If so, how to explain this? We find that stimulation and tradition values relate strongly to the behaviors that express them; hedonism, power, universalism, and self-direction values relate moderately; and security, conformity, achievement, and benevolence values relate only marginally. Additional findings suggest that these differences in value-behavior relations may stem from normative pressures to perform certain behaviors. Such findings imply that values motivate behavior, but the relation between values and behaviors is partly obscured by norms. Relations among behaviors, among values, and jointly among values and behavior exhibit a similar structure. The motivational conflicts and congruities postulated by the theory of values can account for this shared structure.

Key Words: values • behavior

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 29, No. 10, 1207-1220 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167203254602


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. J. Glew Personal Values and Performance in Teams: An Individual and Team-Level Analysis Small Group Research, December 1, 2009; 40(6): 670 - 693. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Snir and I. Harpaz Cross-Cultural Differences Concerning Heavy Work Investment Cross-Cultural Research, November 1, 2009; 43(4): 309 - 319. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Fischer, M. C. Ferreira, E. Assmar, P. Redford, C. Harb, S. Glazer, B.-S. Cheng, D.-Y. Jiang, C. C. Wong, N. Kumar, et al. Individualism-collectivism as Descriptive Norms: Development of a Subjective Norm Approach to Culture Measurement Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, March 1, 2009; 40(2): 187 - 213. [Abstract] [PDF]

				F. Stormer and K. Devine Acting at Work: Facades of Conformity in Academia Journal of Management Inquiry, June 1, 2008; 17(2): 112 - 134. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. I. M. de Groot and L. Steg Value Orientations to Explain Beliefs Related to Environmental Significant Behavior: How to Measure Egoistic, Altruistic, and Biospheric Value Orientations Environment and Behavior, May 1, 2008; 40(3): 330 - 354. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. I.M. De Groot and L. Steg Value Orientations and Environmental Beliefs in Five Countries: Validity of an Instrument to Measure Egoistic, Altruistic and Biospheric Value Orientations Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, May 1, 2007; 38(3): 318 - 332. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. D. Smith, S. T. Smith, and J. C. Christopher What Defines the Good Person? Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Experts' Models With Lay Prototypes Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, May 1, 2007; 38(3): 333 - 360. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Fischer Congruence and Functions of Personal and Cultural Values: Do My Values Reflect My Culture's Values? Pers Soc Psychol Bull, November 1, 2006; 32(11): 1419 - 1431. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J.-E. Lonnqvist, S. Leikas, S. Paunonen, V. Nissinen, and M. Verkasalo Conformism Moderates the Relations Between Values, Anticipated Regret, and Behavior Pers Soc Psychol Bull, November 1, 2006; 32(11): 1469 - 1481. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. M. Oyamot Jr., E. Borgida, and E. L. Fisher Can Values Moderate the Attitudes of Right-Wing Authoritarians? Pers Soc Psychol Bull, April 1, 2006; 32(4): 486 - 500. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Matsumoto Culture and Cultural Worldviews: Do Verbal Descriptions about Culture Reflect Anything Other Than Verbal Descriptions of Culture? Culture Psychology, March 1, 2006; 12(1): 33 - 62. [Abstract] [PDF]

				U. Kunzmann, A. Stange, and J. Jordan Positive Affectivity and Lifestyle in Adulthood: Do You Do What You Feel? Pers Soc Psychol Bull, April 1, 2005; 31(4): 574 - 588. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Joireman and B. Duell Mother Teresa Versus Ebenezer Scrooge: Mortality Salience Leads Proselfs to Endorse Self-Transcendent Values (Unless Proselfs Are Reassured) Pers Soc Psychol Bull, March 1, 2005; 31(3): 307 - 320. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Fischer and P. B. Smith Values and Organizational Justice: Performance- and Seniority-Based Allocation Criteria in the United Kingdom and Germany Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, November 1, 2004; 35(6): 669 - 688. [Abstract] [PDF]