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A Threat in the Computer: The Race Implicit Association Test as a Stereotype Threat Experience

Cynthia M. Frantz

Oberlin College

Amy J. C. Cuddy

Princeton University

Molly Burnett

Heidi Ray

Allen Hart

Amherst College

Three experiments test whether the threat of appearing racist leads White participants to perform worse on the race Implicit Association Test (IAT) and whether self-affirmation can protect from this threat. Experiments 1 and 2 suggest that White participants show a stereotype threat effect when completing the race IAT, leading to stronger pro-White scores when the test is believed to be diagnostic of racism. This effect increases for domain-identified (highly motivated to control prejudice) participants (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, self-affirmation inoculates participants against stereotype threat while taking the race IAT. These findings have methodological implications for use of the race IAT and theoretical implications concerning the malleability of automatic prejudice and the potential interpersonal effects of the fear of appearing racist.

Key Words: Implicit Association Test • stereotype threat • self-affirmation • implicit racial attitudes

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 30, No. 12, 1611-1624 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167204266650
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