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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 31, No. 6, 769-780 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167204271584

Perceivers’ Responses to In-Group and Out-Group Members Who Blame a Negative Outcome on Discrimination

Donna M. Garcia

University of Kansas, d-garcia{at}ku.edu

April Horstman Reser

University of Kansas

Rachel B. Amo

University of Kansas

Sandrine Redersdorff

Université Blaise Pascal, France

Nyla R. Branscombe

University of Kansas

The authors extend recent research concerning the social costs of claiming discrimination by examining men’s and women’s responses to in-group and out-group targets who either blamed a failing grade on discrimination or answer quality. Although participants generally responded more negatively to targets who blamed discrimination, rather than answer quality, dislike was greatest and gender group identification was lowest when participants evaluated an in-group target. Moreover, an in-group target who claimed discrimination was perceived as avoiding personal responsibility for outcomes to a greater extent than was a similar out-group target. Perceptions that the target avoided outcome responsibility by claiming discrimination were shown to mediate the relationship between attribution type and dislike of the in-group target. The authors discuss their results in terms of intragroup processes and suggest that social costs may especially accrue for in-group members when claiming discrimination has implications for the in-group’s social identity.

Key Words: social identity • black sheep effect • social costs • attribution • discrimination • complaining


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C. R. Kaiser, P. S. Dyrenforth, and N. Hagiwara
Why are attributions to discrimination interpersonally costly? A test of system- and group-justifying motivations.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull, November 1, 2006; 32(11): 1423 - 1536.
[Abstract] [PDF]