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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 31, No. 7, 963-976 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167204274101
© 2005 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

Sexual Victimization in Relation to Perceptions of Risk: Mediation, Generalization, and Temporal Stability

Amy L. Brown

Miami University, brownal2{at}muohio.edu

Terri L. Messman-Moore

Miami University

Arthur G. Miller

Miami University

Garold Stasser

Miami University

There is evidence that personal experience with trauma is associated with increases in both personal and comparative risk perception. This study investigates this relation in terms of sexual victimization among women, focusing on three potential mediators: perceived control over sexual assault, perceived similarity to a typical sexual assault victim, and psychological distress. Mediational analyses were investigated using structural equation modeling. Although victimization experience was not related to comparative risk perception, it was associated with greater personal risk perception. This relation was mediated by perceived similarity to a typical sexual assault victim. Prospective analyses indicated that personal risk perception does change in response to sexual victimization but also indicated that heightened risk perception may be an accurate assessment of risk that actually precedes victimization experience. Implications for the meaning of perceived similarity and perceptions of risk for sexual assault victims are discussed.

Key Words: sexual assault • victimization • risk perception • comparative optimism • psychological distress


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