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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 4, 525-537 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167205282157
© 2006 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

Mortality Salience, Martyrdom, and Military Might: The Great Satan Versus the Axis of Evil

Tom Pyszczynski

University of Colorado at Colorado Springs

Abdolhossein Abdollahi

Zarand Islamic Azad University, Iran and Kerman Shahid Bahonar University, Iran

Sheldon Solomon

Skidmore College

Jeff Greenberg

University of Arizona

Florette Cohen

Rutgers University

David Weise

University of Colorado at Colorado Springs

Study 1 investigated the effect of mortality salience on support for martyrdom attacks among Iranian college students. Participants were randomly assigned to answer questions about either their own death or an aversive topic unrelated to death and then evaluated materials from fellow students who either supported or opposed martyrdom attacks against the United States. Whereas control participants preferred the student who opposed martyrdom, participants reminded of death preferred the student who supported martyrdom and indicated they were more likely to consider such activities themselves. Study 2 investigated the effect of mortality salience on American college students' support for extreme military interventions by American forces that could kill thousands of civilians. Mortality salience increased support for such measures among politically conservative but not politically liberal students. The roles of existential fear, cultural worldviews, and construing one's nation as pursing a heroic battle against evil in advocacy of violence were discussed.

Key Words: terrorism • war • military intervention • terror management • mortality salience


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