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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 6, 751-760 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167205286111

Self-Enhancement by Social Comparison: A Prospective Analysis

Miron Zuckerman

University of Rochester, miron{at}psych.rochester.edu

Ryan E. O’Loughlin

University of Rochester

A longitudinal investigation showed that self-enhancement by social comparison (assessing whether people perceive themselves more positively than they perceive others) was prospectively related to an increase in self-reported adjustment, controlling for the effects of narcissism. Better adjustment, including higher self-esteem, was not prospectively related to an increase in self-enhancement. The investigation also included a diary period, allowing the assessment of intrasubject covariation between daily reports of self-esteem and daily reports of perceived challenge and daily events (positive or negative). High (compared to low) self-enhancers were less likely to report lower self-esteem under higher challenge and less likely to report higher self-esteem under positive events.

Key Words: self-enhancement • adjustment • prospective analysis


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