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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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Direct and Indirect Intergroup Friendship Effects: Testing the Moderating Role of the Affective-Cognitive Bases of Prejudice

Stefania Paolini

University of Newcastle, Australia, Stefania.Paolini@ Newcastle.edu.au

Miles Hewstone

University of Oxford, United Kingdom

Ed Cairns

University of Ulster, United Kingdom

Direct friendship with outgroup members and the knowledge of ingroup—outgroup friendships (indirect friendship) can both reduce outgroup prejudice. Three correlational studies (Ns = 338, 141, and 798) tested the moderating role of the affective—cognitive bases of prejudice, assessing whether the size of the friendship— prejudice relationship depends on the extent to which emotions (vs. thoughts) are relevant to the prejudiced attitudes at stake. In Study 1, direct friendship effects were larger with outgroups generating stronger affective responding than with outgroups generating stronger cognitive responding, whereas indirect friendship effects were larger with cognitive than with affective outgroups. Study 2 detected a similar pattern but with prejudice basis assessed in terms of individual differences. Study 3 replicated Study 2's indirect friendship—cognitive basis moderation in a context of historically polarized intergroup relations and on two new outcome variables, intergroup trust and negative action tendencies.

Key Words: friendship • attitude structure • affect • trust • action tendencies • Northern Ireland

This version was published on October 1, 2007

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 33, No. 10, 1406-1420 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167207304788
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