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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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Those Speedos Become Them

The Role of Self-Objectification in Gay and Heterosexual Men's Body Image

Yolanda Martins

Flinders University

Marika Tiggemann

Flinders University

Alana Kirkbride

Flinders University

Objectification Theory proposes that membership in sexually objectifying Western societies gradually socializes women to adopt an observer's perspective on their physical self. This leads to negative consequences, including body shame and restricted eating behavior. The authors extend this framework to investigate a subgroup of men, namely gay men, who also exist in a subculture that emphasizes and values physical appearance. Study 1 investigated trait differences in self-objectification and body image among gay and heterosexual men. Analyses indicated that gay men scored higher on self-objectification, body shame, body dissatisfaction, and drive for thinness. In Study 2, the authors experimentally manipulated state self-objectification and found that for gay men, increasing state self-objectification resulted in greater body shame and dissatisfaction and more restrained eating. Together, these results offer strong support to Objectification Theory as a useful framework from within which to view the experience of gay men.

Key Words: objectification • sexual orientation • body satisfaction • body image • men

This version was published on May 1, 2007

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 33, No. 5, 634-647 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167206297403
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[Abstract] [PDF]