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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
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Kicking the (Barking) Dog Effect: The Moderating Role of Target Attributes on Triggered Displaced Aggression

William C. Pedersen

California State University, Long Beach

Brad J. Bushman

University of Michigan and VU University Amsterdam

Eduardo A. Vasquez

University of Missouri

Norman Miller

University of Southern California, nmiller{at}usc.edu

Sometimes aggression is displaced onto a target who is not totally innocent but emits a mildly irritating behavior called a triggering event. In three experiments, the authors examine stable personal attributes of targets that can impact such triggered displaced aggression (TDA). Lower levels of TDA were directed to targets whose attitudes were similar as compared to dissimilar to those of the actor (Experiment 1) and to targets who were ingroup as compared to out-group members (Experiment 2). Conceptually replicating the findings of Experiments 1 and 2, the manipulated valence of the target (viz., liked, neutral, and disliked) functioned in a similar manner, with positive valence serving a buffering function against a triggering action that followed an initial provocation (Experiment 3). The results from all three experiments are consistent with cognitive neoassociationist theory.

Key Words: aggression • displaced aggression • cognitive neoassociation theory • attitude similarity • intergroup relations

This version was published on October 1, 2008

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 34, No. 10, 1382-1395 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167208321268
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