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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 7, No. 4, 554-558 (1981)
DOI: 10.1177/014616728174005
© 1981 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

Manipulating Salience

Causal Assessment in Natural Settings

Norbert Schwarz

Universitat Mannheim, MAFFIS e. V.

Fritz Strack

Universitat Mannheim, MAFFIS e. V.

A procedure is suggested for identifying causal effects when it is impossible to manipulate the independent variable of interest or to control confounded variables statistically. If a variable has a causal influence, this influence should be more pronounced when the variable is salient than when it is not. The applicability of this salience approach is illustrated in a study on the effects of the German job-ban policy on the politic al behaviors of individuals. Applications and limitations of the approach are discussed.


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