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Self and Collective: Cognition and Social Context
John C. Turner
Australian National University, JCT655{at}CSCGPO.ANU.EDU.AU
Penelope J. Oakes
Australian National University
S. Alexander Haslam
Australian National University
Craig McGarty
Australian National University
The relationship between the self and the collective is discussed from the perspective of self-categorization theory. Self-categorization theory makes a basic distinction between personal and social identity as different levels of self-categorization. It shows how the emergent properties of group processes can be explained in terms of a shift in self perception from personal to social identity. It also elucidates how self-categorization varies with the social context. It argues that self-categorizing is inherently variable, fluid, and context dependent, as sedf-categories are social comparative and are always relative to a frame of reference. This notion has major implications for accepted ways of thinking about the self: The variability of self-categorizing provides the perceiver with behavioral and cognitive flexibility and ensures that cognition is always shaped by the social context in which it takes place.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 20, No. 5,
454-463 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167294205002
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