|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 8,
1002-1012 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/01461672002610009
© 2000 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.
A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: When Norms Do and Do not Affect Behavior
Carl A. Kallgren
Penn State Erie, the Behrend College, carlkallgren{at}psu.edu
Raymond R. Reno
Envision
Robert B. Cialdini
Arizona State University
In three experiments, respondents’ behavior conformed to the dictates of a relevant norm (the norm against littering) only under conditions of normative focus. This relationship held true across three types of procedures for producing normative focus (physiological arousal, modeling, and self-directed attention), across two types of settings (public and private), and across two types of norms (social and personal). Moreover, factors that would be expected to affect normative action were influential only when the norm was focal. These factors included the degree to which the action violated the relevant norm (Study 2) and the degree to which an individual subscribed to that norm (Study 3). Implications are discussed for developing campaigns to encourage prosocial behavior.
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
D. J. Packer
On Being Both With Us and Against Us: A Normative Conflict Model of Dissent in Social Groups
Personality and Social Psychology Review,
February 1, 2008;
12(1):
50 - 72.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Christian, C. J. Armitage, and D. Abrams
Evidence That Theory of Planned Behaviour Variables Mediate the Effects of Socio-demographic Variables on Homeless People's Participation in Service Programmes
J Health Psychol,
September 1, 2007;
12(5):
805 - 817.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Corral-Verdugo and M. Frias-Armenta
Personal Normative Beliefs, Antisocial Behavior, and Residential Water Conservation
Environment and Behavior,
May 1, 2006;
38(3):
406 - 421.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Bohner, F. Siebler, and J. Schmelcher
Social Norms and the Likelihood of Raping: Perceived Rape Myth Acceptance of Others Affects Men's Rape Proclivity
Pers Soc Psychol Bull,
March 1, 2006;
32(3):
286 - 297.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Hansmann, R. W. Scholz, C.-J. A. C. Francke, and M. Weymann
Enhancing environmental awareness: Ecological and economic effects of food consumption
Simulation Gaming,
September 1, 2005;
36(3):
364 - 382.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. N. Christensen, H. Rothgerber, W. Wood, and D. C. Matz
Social Norms and Identity Relevance: A Motivational Approach to Normative Behavior
Pers Soc Psychol Bull,
October 1, 2004;
30(10):
1295 - 1309.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Weber, S. Kopelman, and D. M. Messick
A Conceptual Review of Decision Making in Social Dilemmas: Applying a Logic of Appropriateness
Personality and Social Psychology Review,
August 1, 2004;
8(3):
281 - 307.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. E. Ford and M. A. Ferguson
Social Consequences of Disparagement Humor: A Prejudiced Norm Theory
Personality and Social Psychology Review,
February 1, 2004;
8(1):
79 - 94.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. F. Caldwell and C. A. O'Reilly III
The Determinants of Team-Based Innovation in Organizations: The Role of Social Influence
Small Group Research,
August 1, 2003;
34(4):
497 - 517.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. G. Sibley and J. H. Liu
Differentiating Active and Passive Littering: A Two-Stage Process Model of Littering Behavior in Public Spaces
Environment and Behavior,
May 1, 2003;
35(3):
415 - 433.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Jonas, J. Schimel, J. Greenberg, and T. Pyszczynski
The Scrooge Effect: Evidence that Mortality Salience Increases Prosocial Attitudes and Behavior
Pers Soc Psychol Bull,
October 1, 2002;
28(10):
1342 - 1353.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
