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Deliver us from Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush
Mark J. Landau
University of Arizona, mjlandau{at}email.arizona.edu
Sheldon Solomon
Skidmore College
Jeff Greenberg
University of Arizona
Florette Cohen
Rutgers University
Tom Pyszczynski
University of Colorado, Colorado Springs
Jamie Arndt
University of Missouri
Claude H. Miller
University of Oklahoma
Daniel M. Ogilvie
Rutgers University
Alison Cook
University of Missouri
According to terror management theory, heightened concerns about mortality should intensify the appeal of charismatic leaders. To assess this idea, we investigated how thoughts about death and the 9/11 terrorist attacks influence Americans’ attitudes toward current U.S. President George W. Bush. Study 1 found that reminding people of their own mortality (mortality salience) increased support for Bush and his counterterrorism policies. Study 2 demonstrated that subliminal exposure to 9/11-related stimuli brought death-related thoughts closer to consciousness. Study 3 showed that reminders of both mortality and 9/11 increased support for Bush. In Study 4, mortality salience led participants to become more favorable toward Bush and voting for him in the upcoming election but less favorable toward Presidential candidate John Kerry and voting for him. Discussion focused on the role of terror management processes in allegiance to charismatic leaders and political decision making.
Key Words: terror management theory • terrorism • 9/11 • George W. Bush • election politics • charismatic leaders
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 30, No. 9,
1136-1150 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0146167204267988
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